Question

10 which of these describes a likely result when a species would form in a new a single environmental change? a there are not enough members of the species born with a trait necessary to survive in the new environment. b the environmental changes mean fewer predators are around. c the change to the environment opens new resources with less competition. d there are more homes for the species in the changed environment. 11 which of the following provides structural evidence for evolution? a a fossil from the mesozoic era shows an extinct animal similar to a modern animal. b a comparison of similar bones in the legs of a human, a dog, and a bat. c a genetic analysis of two animals shows similar sequences of dna. d the embryos of two animals look similar at similar stages. 12 how did the invention of the microscope change the way people classified organisms? a people could classify nonliving things, such as rocks. b people could finally classify plant as well as animal organisms. c people could classify organisms they were never able to see. d people could at last place humans and animals at the top of the classification ladder. 13 which of the following happened in precambrian time? a life began to evolve on earth. b the first mammals appeared. c a mass extinction wiped out most dinosaurs. d life on earth began to move from water to land.

Explanation:

• Question 10:
• Option A: If there aren't enough members of a species born with a trait necessary to survive in a new environment, it's likely the species will be harmed. This is a classic example of how lack of adaptation (due to insufficient individuals with a needed trait) can lead to negative consequences for a species in the face of environmental change.
• Option B: Fewer predators around due to environmental change is more likely to be beneficial for a species (as there is less predation pressure), not harmful.
• Option C: New resources with less competition is a positive situation for a species (more access to resources), not harmful.
• Option D: More homes (habitat) in the changed environment is positive for a species (more living space), not harmful.
• Question 11:
• Option A: A fossil showing similarity to a modern animal is fossil evidence, not structural evidence.
• Option B: Comparing similar bones (homologous structures) in the legs of different organisms (human, dog, bat) is structural evidence for evolution. Homologous structures suggest a common ancestor.
• Option C: Genetic analysis (similar DNA sequences) is genetic evidence, not structural evidence.
• Option D: Similar - looking embryos at similar stages is embryological evidence, not structural evidence.
• Question 12:
• Option A: Classification of non - living things (like rocks) is not related to the invention of the microscope in terms of classifying organisms.
• Option B: Plants and animals were classified before the microscope. The microscope allowed for the discovery and classification of microscopic organisms.
• Option C: The microscope allowed people to see and classify microscopic organisms that were previously unseen.
• Option D: Placing humans and animals at the top of a classification ladder is a hierarchical classification concept not directly related to the microscope's impact on classifying previously unseen organisms.
• Question 13:
• Option A: Life began to evolve on Earth in the Precambrian time. This was a long period (about 88% of Earth's history) during which the first life forms (prokaryotes, and later eukaryotes) appeared.
• Option B: The first mammals appeared much later (in the Mesozoic era, after the dinosaurs).
• Option C: The mass extinction that wiped out most dinosaurs was at the end of the Cretaceous period (Mesozoic era).
• Option D: Life moving from water to land occurred later (in the Paleozoic era).

Answer:

1. A. There are not enough members of the species born with a trait necessary to survive in the new environment.
2. B. A comparison of similar bones in the legs of a human, a dog, and a bat.
3. C. People could classify organisms they were never able to see.
4. A. Life began to evolve on Earth.