Question

1. in the water cycle, what causes water vapor to form clouds?

a. evaporation
b. transpiration
c. condensation
d. precipitation

1. which human activity has significantly impacted the carbon cycle?

a. water pollution
b. hunting
c. overfishing
d. deforestation

1. what is the role of lightning in the nitrogen cycle?

a. it breaks down nitrates
b. it fixes atmospheric nitrogen
c. it creates ammonia
d. it releases nitrogen gas

1. which process describes the movement of water through plant tissues?

a. transpiration
b. transpiration
c. precipitation
d. condensation

1. what happens to nitrogen when denitrifying bacteria break down nitrates?

a. it becomes ammonia
b. it dissolves in groundwater
c. it becomes part of amino acids
d. it returns to the atmosphere as n₂

Explanation:

• For question 10, condensation is the process by which water vapor changes to liquid water, forming clouds.
• For question 11, deforestation reduces plants that absorb carbon - dioxide, thus impacting the carbon cycle.
• For question 12, lightning provides energy to fix atmospheric nitrogen, converting it into forms usable by plants.
• For question 13, transpiration is the movement of water through plant tissues and its evaporation from aerial parts.
• For question 14, denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates into nitrogen gas ($N_2$) which returns to the atmosphere.

Answer:

1. c. Condensation
2. d. Deforestation
3. b. It fixes atmospheric nitrogen
4. a. Transpiration
5. d. It returns to the atmosphere as $N_2$