Question

(03.08 mc)
the following table describes some biotechnological processes.

biotechnological processes

process	description
2	inserting bacterial toxin production genes in cotton

which biotechnological processes are described in the table?

• both processes describe cloning.
• both processes describe genetic engineering.
• process 1 describes artificial selection and process 2 describes cloning.
• process 1 describes artificial selection and process 2 describes genetic engineering.

Explanation:

• Process 1: Cross - breeding two wheat varieties (high - yielding and disease - resistant) to get desired traits is artificial selection, as humans are selecting and breeding organisms for specific traits.
• Process 2: Inserting bacterial toxin production genes into cotton involves manipulating the genetic material of cotton, which is genetic engineering.
• Option 1: Cloning involves creating genetically identical copies, neither process is cloning. Eliminate.
• Option 2: Process 1 is not genetic engineering (it's artificial selection), so this is wrong. Eliminate.
• Option 3: Process 2 is not cloning (it's genetic engineering), so this is wrong. Eliminate.
• Option 4: Matches the analysis of Process 1 (artificial selection) and Process 2 (genetic engineering).

Answer:

Process 1 describes artificial selection and process 2 describes genetic engineering.