Question

which is the process by which an unspecialized cell develops into a specialized cell with a defined structure and function?

○ crossing over

○ cellular differentiation

○ cellular division

○ nondisjunction

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Explanation:

• Crossing over: Occurs during meiosis, involves exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, not related to cell specialization.
• Cellular differentiation: Is the process where unspecialized cells (like stem cells) develop into specialized cells with specific structures and functions (e.g., muscle cells, nerve cells).
• Cellular division: Refers to processes like mitosis/meiosis that increase cell number, not about specialization.
• Nondisjunction: Is a failure of chromosome separation during cell division, leading to aneuploidy, not related to cell specialization.

Answer:

B. cellular differentiation