Question

1. which eight powers does article i, section 9 deny congress?

a. (hint: \such persons\ refers to enslaved people.)
order directing one to show why someone is

Explanation:

To answer this, we refer to U.S. Constitution's Article I, Section 9. The eight powers denied to Congress (with the hint on "such persons" for the slave trade clause) are: 1. Suspend the writ of habeas corpus (except in rebellion/invasion). 2. Pass bills of attainder. 3. Pass ex post facto laws. 4. Tax exports. 5. Tax states uniformly without apportionment. 6. Spend money without appropriation. 7. Grant titles of nobility. 8. Prohibit the importation of "such persons" (enslaved people) before 1808 (and after, via other amendments, but the original denial was on timing of ending the slave trade). For part (a) (relating to "such persons"), it's the power to prohibit the importation of enslaved persons before 1808 (Congress couldn't ban the slave trade until 1808).

Answer:

For part (a) (related to "such persons"): Congress was denied the power to prohibit the importation of enslaved people ("such persons") before 1808.

For the eight powers overall:

1. Suspend the writ of habeas corpus (except in rebellion/invasion).
2. Enact bills of attainder.
3. Enact ex post facto laws.
4. Impose export taxes.
5. Tax states uniformly without apportionment.
6. Spend funds without appropriation.
7. Grant titles of nobility.
8. Prohibit the importation of enslaved persons ("such persons") before 1808.