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Question
whether or not a molecule is polar depends both on the kinds of bonds it has and its shape. a molecule with polar bonds will be polar if the shape of the molecule does not cause the bond polarities to cancel each other.
lets look closely at shape. in the example to the right, both water and carbon dioxide have polar covalent bonds, but only water is a dipole. waters bent shape leads to an uneven distribution and direction of partial charge. carbon dioxides linear shape leads to the direction and distribution of charges to be cancelled out.
which of the following could have a molecular dipole?
a molecule with polar covalent bonds that has charges cancelled out due to its shape
a molecule with polar covalent bonds that does not have charges cancelled out due to its shape
a molecule with nonpolar covalent bonds
The text explains that a molecule with polar bonds is polar (has a molecular dipole) if the shape doesn't cancel bond polarities. So, a molecule with polar bonds not having charges canceled (due to shape) would have a molecular dipole. Non - polar bonds can't form a molecular dipole. Charges canceled (due to shape) means no molecular dipole.
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A molecule with polar covalent bonds that does not have charges cancelled out due to its shape