Question

use these answers for questions 1 - 4. note that some answers may be used once, more than once, or not at all:
(a) alkali metals
(b) noble gases
(c) halogens
(d) transition metals

1. the most unreactive family of elements
2. form stable negative ions
3. consist of atoms that have highest energy electrons in a d subshell
4. contain elements from each of the three states of matter

1. which of the following statements about atoms is not correct?

(a) atoms are electrically neutral when they have the same number of protons and electrons.
(b) all atoms of a given element must have the same number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
(c) most of the volume of an atom contains only electrons and empty space.
(d) almost all of the mass of an atom is in the nucleus.

Explanation:

1. Noble gases have full valence electron shells, making them very unreactive.
2. Halogens have 7 valence electrons and tend to gain one electron to form stable negative ions.
3. Transition metals have their highest - energy electrons in \(d\) subshells.
4. Halogens include fluorine (gas), chlorine (gas), bromine (liquid), and iodine (solid).
5. Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Answer:

1. B. Noble gases
2. C. Halogens
3. D. Transition metals
4. C. Halogens
5. B. All atoms of a given element must have the same number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.