Question

review the first and second paragraphs.
maps: the art of a science
1 the history of civilization has been illustrated by maps—maps that depict battles, scientific phenomena, and discoveries of new land throughout history. these maps can vary in numerous ways. for instance, by modern convention—and for no scientific reason—modern maps are usually oriented with north at the top. but al idrisis 1154 world map shows the arabian peninsula in the top center of the map, with south at the top. different
how do the first and second paragraphs work together?
they give several reasons why maps vary and then focus on an additional reason.
they show why maps varied in the past and then why maps vary today.
they show how maps vary outside western society and then how maps vary within it.

Explanation:

First, analyze each option:

• Option 1: The first paragraph introduces that maps vary in many ways (giving a general idea of map variation reasons), and if the second paragraph (not fully shown but from the first's context) focuses on an additional reason for variation, this fits.
• Option 2: The first paragraph doesn't focus on past - only shows a historical map example (Al Idrisi's) to illustrate variation, not "why maps varied in the past" as a main focus, and no clear shift to "why today" yet.
• Option 3: The first paragraph's example (Al Idrisi's map) is one example of variation, not specifically "outside western society" vs "within" as a structure.

So the first option is correct as it aligns with the first paragraph introducing map variation reasons and potentially the second adding another.

Answer:

They give several reasons why maps vary and then focus on an additional reason.