Question

read the passage. there are several questions about this passage.

european papermaking came to the american colonies in the late seventeenth century. although most paper made today is produced from wood pulp, paper in colonial days was made from cotton and linen fibers.

from paper

1
the history of paper offers insight into why the colonists wanted independence from britain. a coin, a paper mill, a newspaper—whatever it was that the colonists wanted, the crown often prohibited it. and then the british tried to earn revenue by taxing the goods the colonists were forced to import from england because local production was stifled.

2
in 1764, the british, looking for revenues in an economic recession that had hit both england and the colonies, proposed the stamp act. this required all american colonists to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper, including shipping documents, legal documents, books, pamphlets, newspapers, broadsides, and even playing cards. the tax did not cost the average colonist a great deal, but they objected to the principle of the new legislation. the stamp act went beyond the normal practice of regulating commerce: it was a fund - raising measure, and one that was being done without the consent of local legislatures.

3
but for newspaper publishers, the stamp act was a true hardship. it represented a halfpenny on each copy of a newspaper printed on what was termed “half a sheet.” if a newspaper used a larger format, it was assessed a penny per copy. the act also charged two cents for an advertisement—and some of these ads only earned three cents—and a halfpenny for each copy of...

which excerpt from the passage best supports the correct answer from part a?

1. “in 1767, the british chancellor of the exchequer, charles townshend, promoted a piece of legislation that placed added taxes on various british goods that the americans imported, including glass, lead, painters’ pigments, tea—and paper. townshend’s legislation passed into law, and the british established a bureau in boston to enforce the new duties.” (paragraph 4)

1. “the movement started in the north and quickly caught on in the south.” (paragraph 5)

1. “new york newspapers declared that those who bought british goods were ‘enemies to their country.’ in philadelphia, newspapers preferred the phrase ‘an enemy to the liberties of america.’” (paragraph 5)

1. “in 1769 the first type made in america was cut and cast in killingworth, connecticut, by abel buell. that same year, the first...

Explanation:

To solve this, we need to assume the question in Part A is about British taxation on paper (or colonial opposition to British taxes related to paper). Let's analyze each option:

1. Option 1: Talks about Townshend’s legislation (1767) taxing paper (among other goods) and British enforcement. If Part A is about British taxes on paper (or colonial grievances over taxes), this excerpt directly shows British taxation on paper, supporting it.
2. Option 2: Discusses a movement’s spread (North to South) – not about taxes/paper.
3. Option 3: Discusses colonial views on buying British goods – not specific to paper taxes.
4. Option 4: Talks about American type production – unrelated to taxes/paper support.

To determine the best excerpt, we analyze each option:

• Option 1 describes Charles Townshend’s 1767 legislation that taxed paper (among other goods) and British enforcement. If Part A concerns British taxation on paper (or colonial grievances over such taxes), this excerpt directly provides evidence of British taxation on paper, making it the best support.
• Option 2 focuses on a movement’s spread (not taxes/paper).
• Option 3 addresses colonial views on buying British goods (not specific to paper taxes).
• Option 4 discusses American type production (unrelated to taxes/paper support).

Answer:

1. "In 1767, the British Chancellor of the Exchequer, Charles Townshend, promoted a piece of legislation that placed added taxes on various British goods that the Americans imported, including glass, lead, painters’ pigments, tea—and paper. Townshend’s legislation passed into law, and the British established a bureau in Boston to enforce the new duties." (Paragraph 4)