Question

read the article before answering any questions.
natural selection and evolution
have you ever wondered why giraffes have such long necks or why some birds can fly while others cannot? the answer lies in evolution and natural selection.
evolution is the process by which living things change over time. natural selection is one way evolution happens. it means that animals and plants with traits that help them survive are more likely to live and have babies. these helpful traits get passed on to the next generation.
let’s look at an example: the peppered moth. before the industrial revolution in england, most peppered moths were light - colored, which helped them blend in with the trees and avoid being eaten by birds. when factories started making a lot of pollution, the trees turned dark. now, dark - colored moths were harder to see, so they survived better. over time, more moths were dark - colored. this is natural selection in action!
natural selection works like this:

1. there is variation in traits (like color or size) among individuals in a species.
2. some traits help individuals survive and reproduce better than others.
3. those individuals pass their helpful traits to their offspring.
4. over many generations, these traits become more common.

evolution and natural selection help explain why living things are so well adapted to their environments. they also show us how species can change over time.
multiple choice 10 points
which of the following explain how natural selection works?
○ adaptations or traits help organisms survive and reproduce better than others.
○ organisms do not pass helpful traits to their babies (offspring).
○ there is no variation in traits among organisms.
○ natural selection happens very fast.

Explanation:

Para explicar cómo funciona la selección natural, se basa en que las adaptaciones o rasgos que ayudan a los organismos a sobrevivir y reproducirse mejor que otros son clave. El artículo menciona que rasgos útiles se transmiten y que los organismos con esos rasgos tienen más probabilidades de sobrevivir. La opción "Adaptations or traits help organisms survive and reproduce better than others" coincide con esto. Las otras opciones son incorrectas: los organismos sí transmiten rasgos útiles, hay variación en rasgos y la selección natural no es rápida.

Answer:

A. Adaptations or traits help organisms survive and reproduce better than others