Question

questions 1 through 9 refer to the following.
(the following passage is excerpted from a speech delivered by a united states statesman
in 1920.)
warned by the disaster of the last great war, 1 the statesmen of all nations have been taking
measures to prevent the return of another such calamity. these measures may not
constitute an absolute guarantee of peace, but, in my opinion, they constitute the greatest
preventive measures ever adopted by nations. it is not to be expected that human nature will
change in a day, perhaps it is too much to expect that the age-old institution of war, which
has, through the centuries, been recognized by international law as a sovereign right and has
blackened the pages of history with the story of blood and destruction, will be at once
abolished, but people of all nations should be encouraged by the great progress which has
been made since the war in the furtherance of international peace. i cannot in this brief
address discuss these measures beyond enumerating them. there is the league of nations,
2 which has been functioning for ten years and which, i am sure, has been most beneficial in
adjusting many difficult international problems; the pact of paris, 3 arbitration treaties,
convention treaties, and the court of international justice, 4 and i might add that
commendable progress has been made toward reduction of armament. each one of these
treaties is a step for the maintenance of peace, an additional guarantee against war. it is
through such machinery that the disputes between nations will be settled and war
prevented.
it is not my intention today to discuss the pact of paris, which has passed into history,
neither i should not say it has passed into history but has been cemented in the

1 mark for review
which of the following best describes how the author organizes the reasoning of his
argument in the opening lines of the passage (\warned by the disaster... ever adopted by
nations\)?
a arguing from specific cases to a general conclusion
b tracing a sequence of events resulting in a positive outcome
c pointing out the differences among various opinions
d drawing parallels between the current situation and a past crisis

Explanation:

The passage begins by referring to the disaster of the last great war (a specific case) and then discusses various treaties and measures (moving to a general conclusion about peace - related efforts). This is characteristic of arguing from specific cases (the war as a disaster) to a general conclusion (the need for measures like treaties for peace).

Answer:

A. Arguing from specific cases to a general conclusion