Question

question 4 (1 point)
use kinetic theory to explain why the volume of a balloon will increase when the temperature is increased. kinetic theory is not using pv = nrt, explain the behavior with words.
increasing the temperature corresponds to a 1 in velocity, a 2 in force, and a3 in pressure.
the balloon will always have pin = pout. according to the definition of pressure,
force
p = ------- if the force is increased, the area must 4.
area
thus, the balloon will expand/contract (answer is 5)
a. increase b. decrease c. expand d. contract e. do nothing

Explanation:

• According to kinetic theory, temperature is related to the average kinetic energy of gas molecules. When temperature increases, the average velocity of gas molecules increases.
• Force exerted by gas molecules on the balloon's walls is related to the change in momentum of molecules (which is higher with higher velocity). So, force increases.
• Pressure \(P=\frac{F}{A}\). Since \(P_{in} = P_{out}\) (pressure inside equals pressure outside), if force \(F\) (from gas molecules inside) increases, and \(P\) is constant, then from \(A=\frac{F}{P}\), area \(A\) must increase.

Answer:

1. A. increase
2. A. increase
3. E. do nothing (because \(P_{in}=P_{out}\) is maintained)
4. A. increase
5. C. expand