Question

question 4 (1 point) ✓ saved
surface protection is classified as
second line defense.
innate nonspecific.
acquired specific.
third line defense.
question 5 (1 point) ✓ saved
vaccination programs seek to protect the individual directly through raising the antibody titer and indirectly through the development of herd immunity.
true
false
question 6 (1 point) ✓ saved
the elisa test
uses enzymes and dyes.
uses radioisotopes.
uses an electric current.
involves subcutaneous injection of antigen to elicit a response.

Explanation:

• Question 4: Surface protection (like skin, mucous membranes) is part of the innate nonspecific immune system. It acts as a first - line barrier.
• Question 5: Vaccination increases an individual's antibody titer (direct protection) and can lead to herd immunity (indirect protection when a large portion of the population is vaccinated).
• Question 6: The ELISA (Enzyme - Linked Immunosorbent Assay) test uses enzymes (e.g., peroxidase) and dyes (chromogenic substrates) to detect antigens or antibodies.

Answer:

• Question 4: innate nonspecific
• Question 5: True
• Question 6: uses enzymes and dyes