Question

question 65
the type of mutation where a single letter in a sequence is changed that results in altering the amino acid sequence of the protein:
a missense mutation
b silent mutation
c nonsense mutation
d frameshift mutation
e inversion mutation
question 66
radioactive man, a comic - book superhero, gained his abilities by falling into a vat of industrial toxic waste. is this a likely outcome?
a yes, because mutations can be helpful, harmful, or neutral.
b no, because most mutations are neutral.
c no, because toxic waste is not mutagenic.
d no, because so many mutations would probably cause cancer or other disease.

Explanation:

• Question 65:
• A missense mutation occurs when a single nucleotide change in DNA leads to a different amino acid in the protein sequence.
• A silent mutation changes a nucleotide but the amino - acid sequence remains the same (due to the degeneracy of the genetic code).
• A nonsense mutation creates a premature stop codon.
• A frameshift mutation is caused by insertions or deletions (not single - nucleotide substitutions) that shift the reading frame.
• An inversion mutation is a rearrangement of a DNA segment.
• Question 66:
• While mutations can be helpful, harmful, or neutral, exposure to a large amount of industrial toxic waste (which is mutagenic) would likely cause a large number of mutations.
• A large number of mutations in a short period is more likely to disrupt normal cellular functions (such as causing cancer or other diseases) rather than giving super - abilities.
• Toxic waste is often mutagenic (so option C is wrong). The fact that most mutations are neutral (option B) is not the main reason for the unlikelihood of getting super - abilities.

Answer:

• Question 65: A. missense mutation
• Question 66: D. No, because so many mutations would probably cause cancer or other disease.