Question

question 17 (1 point)
which of the following statements about drug resistance is false?
it is found only in gram - negative bacteria
it may be carried on a plasmid
it may be due to enzymes that degrade some antibiotics
it may be transferred from one bacterium to another during conjugation
question 18 (1 point)
drug resistance occurs
against antibiotics and not against synthetic chemotherapeutic agents
when antibiotics are taken after the symptoms disappear
because bacteria are normal microbiota
when antibiotics are used indiscriminately

Explanation:

For Question 17:

• Drug resistance is not limited to gram - negative bacteria. Gram - positive bacteria can also develop drug resistance. For example, Staphylococcus aureus (a gram - positive bacterium) can be resistant to methicillin.
• Plasmids can carry drug - resistance genes.
• Some bacteria produce enzymes (e.g., β - lactamases) that degrade antibiotics like penicillins.
• Conjugation is a mechanism by which drug - resistance genes can be transferred between bacteria.

For Question 18:

• Drug resistance can occur against both antibiotics and synthetic chemotherapeutic agents.
• Taking antibiotics after symptoms disappear does not directly cause drug resistance. In fact, not completing a full course of antibiotics can contribute to drug resistance as it may leave some bacteria alive that can develop resistance.
• Bacteria being normal microbiota is not the cause of drug resistance.
• Indiscriminate use of antibiotics (using them when not needed, incorrect dosing, etc.) is a major cause of drug resistance. It creates a selective pressure where bacteria with resistance mechanisms survive and multiply.

Answer:

Question 17: It is found only in gram - negative bacteria
Question 18: when antibiotics are used indiscriminately