Question

question 13 1 pts
law states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure.
daltons
henrys
boyles
charless
question 14 1 pts
an increase in carbon dioxide in the blood causes
a drop in ph in the blood.
an increase in ph in the blood.
no change in ph.
an increase in partial pressure.
question 15 1 pts
the forced expiratory volume test can determine the presence of respiratory obstruction by measuring the
volume of air expired per second during forced expiration.
volume of air inspired per second after forced expiration.
volume of air expired per second after a normal expiration.
volume of air inspired per second after a normal expiration.

Explanation:

• Question 13: Boyle's law states \( P_1V_1 = P_2V_2\) (pressure - volume relationship for gases at constant temperature). Dalton's law is about partial pressures of gases in a mixture (\(P_{total}=\sum P_i\)). Henry's law relates gas solubility to pressure (\(C = kP\)). Charles's law is about volume - temperature relationship (\(V_1/T_1=V_2/T_2\)).
• Question 14: When \(CO_2\) increases in the blood, it forms carbonic acid (\(CO_2 + H_2O

ightleftharpoons H_2CO_3
ightleftharpoons H^+ + HCO_3^-\)). An increase in \(H^+\) (from carbonic acid dissociation) lowers the pH (\(pH=-\log[H^+]\)). Partial pressure is related to gas amount in a mixture (Dalton's law context), but here the key is pH change.

• Question 15: Forced expiratory volume (FEV) test measures the volume of air expired per second during forced expiration. Inspiratory volumes (options with “inspired”) are not relevant to the forced expiratory volume test. After - normal - expiration measurements (options with “after a normal expiration”) do not target the forced expiratory process which is key for detecting obstruction (e.g., in asthma or COPD, forced expiration is impaired).

Answer:

• Question 13: Boyle's
• Question 14: a drop in pH in the blood
• Question 15: volume of air expired per second during forced expiration