Question

problems 1–5: fill in the blank to describe each percent increase or decrease as a percentage of the original amount.

1. a store manager decides on a 10% markdown on the retail price of the last pair of jeans in stock.

the price of a pair of jeans is ______ % of the retail price.

1. tickets to a pro basketball game are resold online with a 50% markup from their original price.

the price of tickets online to a pro basketball game is ______ % of its original price.

1. the number of students enrolled at a local university dropped 14% from last year.

the number of students enrolled at a local university this year is ______ % of the number of students that were enrolled last year.

1. this month, there was 30% more rain than last month.

the amount of rain this month is ______ % of the amount last month.

1. this month, there were 15% fewer cloudy days than last month.

the number of cloudy days this month is ______ % of the number of cloudy days last month.

Explanation:

Problem 1:

Step1: Understand Markdown Effect

A 10% markdown means the new price is \(100\% - 10\% = 90\%\) of the original (retail) price.

Step2: Calculate Percentage

Let original price be \(100\%\). After 10% markdown, price is \(100 - 10 = 90\%\) of original.

Problem 2:

Step1: Understand Markup Effect

A 50% markup means the new price is \(100\% + 50\% = 150\%\) of the original price.

Step2: Calculate Percentage

Original price is \(100\%\), after 50% markup, price is \(100 + 50 = 150\%\) of original.

Problem 3:

Step1: Understand Drop in Enrollment

A 14% drop means the new number is \(100\% - 14\% = 86\%\) of last year's number.

Step2: Calculate Percentage

Last year's number is \(100\%\), after 14% drop, it's \(100 - 14 = 86\%\) of last year's.

Problem 4:

Step1: Understand Increase in Rain

A 30% increase means the new amount is \(100\% + 30\% = 130\%\) of last month's amount.

Step2: Calculate Percentage

Last month's amount is \(100\%\), after 30% increase, it's \(100 + 30 = 130\%\) of last month's.

Problem 5:

Step1: Understand Decrease in Cloudy Days

A 15% decrease means the new number is \(100\% - 15\% = 85\%\) of last month's number.

Step2: Calculate Percentage

Last month's number is \(100\%\), after 15% decrease, it's \(100 - 15 = 85\%\) of last month's.

Answer:

1. \(90\)
2. \(150\)
3. \(86\)
4. \(130\)
5. \(85\)