Question

polyatomic naming and formulas

1. mo(oh)4
2. barium phosphate
3. calcium chlorate
4. nh4cl
5. sodium carbonate
6. ni(cn)2
7. kcn
8. strontium nitrate
9. lithium nitrate
10. silver nitrate
11. cu(oh)3
12. (nh4)2o
13. rubidium chlorate
14. manganese(ii) carbonate
15. vanadium(iii) chlorate

Explanation:

Step1: Identify the cation and anion

For naming compounds, first identify the cation (positive ion) and anion (negative ion). For example, in \(Mo(OH)_4\), \(Mo\) is the cation and \(OH^-\) (hydroxide) is the anion.

Step2: Determine the charge of the cation

For transition metals like \(Mo\), use the charge of the anion to find the cation's charge. Since \(OH^-\) has a charge of \(- 1\) and there are \(4\) \(OH^-\) ions, the total negative charge is \(-4\). So \(Mo\) has a charge of \(+4\), and the name is molybdenum(IV) hydroxide.

Step3: Write the formula from the name

For barium phosphate: Barium (\(Ba^{2+}\)) and phosphate (\(PO_4^{3 -}\)). Use the criss - cross method. The formula is \(Ba_3(PO_4)_2\).

Step4: Repeat for other compounds

For \(NH_4Cl\): \(NH_4^+\) (ammonium) and \(Cl^-\) (chloride), so the name is ammonium chloride.
For sodium carbonate: Sodium (\(Na^+\)) and carbonate (\(CO_3^{2 -}\)), formula \(Na_2CO_3\).
For \(Ni(CN)_2\): \(Ni^{2+}\) (nickel(II)) and \(CN^-\) (cyanide), name nickel(II) cyanide.
For \(KCN\): \(K^+\) (potassium) and \(CN^-\) (cyanide), name potassium cyanide.
For strontium nitrate: Strontium (\(Sr^{2+}\)) and nitrate (\(NO_3^-\)), formula \(Sr(NO_3)_2\).
For lithium nitrate: Lithium (\(Li^+\)) and nitrate (\(NO_3^-\)), formula \(LiNO_3\).
For silver nitrate: Silver (\(Ag^+\)) and nitrate (\(NO_3^-\)), formula \(AgNO_3\).
For \(Cu(OH)_3\): \(Cu^{3+}\) (copper(III)) and \(OH^-\) (hydroxide), name copper(III) hydroxide.
For \((NH_4)_2O\): \(NH_4^+\) (ammonium) and \(O^{2 -}\) (oxide), name diammonium oxide.
For rubidium chlorate: Rubidium (\(Rb^+\)) and chlorate (\(ClO_3^-\)), formula \(RbClO_3\).
For manganese(II) carbonate: Manganese (\(Mn^{2+}\)) and carbonate (\(CO_3^{2 -}\)), formula \(MnCO_3\).
For vanadium(III) chlorate: Vanadium (\(V^{3+}\)) and chlorate (\(ClO_3^-\)), formula \(V(ClO_3)_3\).

Answer:

1. molybdenum(IV) hydroxide
2. \(Ba_3(PO_4)_2\)
3. \(Ca(ClO_3)_2\)
4. ammonium chloride
5. \(Na_2CO_3\)
6. nickel(II) cyanide
7. potassium cyanide
8. \(Sr(NO_3)_2\)
9. \(LiNO_3\)
10. \(AgNO_3\)
11. copper(III) hydroxide
12. diammonium oxide
13. \(RbClO_3\)
14. \(MnCO_3\)
15. \(V(ClO_3)_3\)