Question

part a
what is the eye color of each parent?
the mothers eyes are
. the fathers eyes are
part b
what is the probability that an offspring will have green eyes?
%

Explanation:

Part A

To determine the eye color of each parent, we analyze the Punnett square. The mother's (M) alleles are shown as having one \( B \) and one \( b \) (since her row has \( B \) and \( b \) columns), but wait, actually looking at the Punnett square structure: the mother's gametes are \( B \) and \( b \)? Wait, no, the Punnett square is set up with the mother's (M) alleles on the left (rows: \( B \) and \( b \)) and the father's (P) alleles on the top (columns: \( B \) and \( b \))? Wait, no, the labels: "M" is mother, with two rows (alleles \( B \) and \( b \)), and "P" is father, with two columns (alleles \( B \) and \( b \))? Wait, no, the Punnett square cells: the mother's gametes are \( B \) (top row of M) and \( b \) (bottom row of M), and the father's gametes are \( B \) (left column of P) and \( b \) (right column of P). Wait, but the mother's genotype: looking at her gametes, if she can produce \( B \) and \( b \) gametes, her genotype is \( Bb \). Similarly, the father's gametes are \( B \) and \( b \), so his genotype is \( Bb \). But eye color: typically, \( B \) is dominant (e.g., brown) and \( b \) is recessive (e.g., blue or green). Wait, but the problem is about eye color. Wait, the mother's eyes: if her genotype is \( Bb \), and \( B \) is dominant (brown), then her eyes are brown. Similarly, the father's genotype is \( Bb \), so his eyes are brown. Wait, but let's check the Punnett square cells: \( BB \), \( Bb \), \( Bb \), \( bb \). So the mother's alleles (gametes) are \( B \) and \( b \), so her genotype is \( Bb \), so her eye color (if \( B \) is dominant, like brown) is brown. The father's alleles (gametes) are \( B \) and \( b \), so his genotype is \( Bb \), so his eye color is brown. Wait, but maybe the dominant allele is for brown, recessive for green? Wait, no, typically blue is recessive, but the problem says "green eyes". Wait, maybe \( bb \) is green. Let's re-examine. The mother's gametes: the left side (M) has two rows: \( B \) and \( b \), so her genotype is \( Bb \) (since she can pass \( B \) or \( b \)). The father's gametes: top (P) has two columns: \( B \) and \( b \), so his genotype is \( Bb \). So both parents have genotype \( Bb \), so their eye color (if \( B \) is dominant, e.g., brown) is brown. Wait, but maybe the dominant is brown, recessive is green. So \( bb \) is green. So the mother's eyes: since she is \( Bb \), dominant allele \( B \) is expressed, so brown. Father's eyes: \( Bb \), so brown.

Step 1: Analyze Mother's Genotype

The mother (M) has gametes \( B \) (top row) and \( b \) (bottom row), so her genotype is \( Bb \). Assuming \( B \) is dominant (e.g., brown) over \( b \) (recessive, e.g., green/blue), her eye color is brown (since dominant allele is present).

Step 2: Analyze Father's Genotype

The father (P) has gametes \( B \) (left column) and \( b \) (right column), so his genotype is \( Bb \). Thus, his eye color is also brown (dominant allele \( B \) is present).

To find the probability of green eyes, we assume \( bb \) is the genotype for green eyes (recessive). From the Punnett square, the four possible offspring genotypes are \( BB \), \( Bb \), \( Bb \), and \( bb \). So only 1 out of 4 (25%) have \( bb \) genotype.

Step 1: Count Offspring Genotypes

The Punnett square has 4 cells: \( BB \), \( Bb \), \( Bb \), \( bb \). So the number of \( bb \) (green eyes, assuming) is 1.

Step 2: Calculate Probability

Probability = (Number of \( bb \) cells) / (Total cells) = \( \frac{1}{4} = 0.25 \), which is 25%.

Answer:

The mother's eyes are \(\boldsymbol{\text{brown}}\). The father's eyes are \(\boldsymbol{\text{brown}}\).

Part B