Question

name two methods scientists use to test predictions. what is the difference between an independent variable and a dependent variable? briefly define correlation. why is it important to control all variables except one when studying cause - and - effect relationships? why are quantitative data particularly helpful to scientists? 1.2 self - check answer the questions to test your knowledge of lesson concepts. you can check your work using the answers on the bottom of the page. give an example of a rule of the natural world that a scientist can assume is always true. what activities make up the process of science? what is controlled in a controlled study?

Explanation:

1. Experiments involve manipulating variables to observe effects, and observations are made to gather data without interfering with the system.
2. An independent variable is the one that is changed or controlled by the researcher, while a dependent variable is the one that is measured and is expected to change in response to the independent variable.
3. Correlation is a statistical measure indicating the extent to which two or more variables fluctuate together.
4. Controlling all but one variable helps isolate the effect of that single variable on the outcome, allowing for clear identification of cause - and - effect relationships.
5. Quantitative data provides numerical information that can be analyzed statistically, allowing for more precise comparisons, predictions, and generalizations.
6. An example could be the law of gravity, which states that every mass attracts every other mass by a force acting along the line joining the centers of the masses.
7. The process of science includes making observations, forming hypotheses, conducting experiments or making further observations, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions.
8. In a controlled study, variables other than the independent variable are controlled to ensure that any changes in the dependent variable are due to the manipulation of the independent variable.

Answer:

1. Experiment, Observation
2. An independent variable is manipulated by the researcher; a dependent variable is measured and responds to the independent variable.
3. A statistical measure of the linear relationship between two variables.
4. To isolate the effect of a single variable for clear cause - and - effect identification.
5. It provides numerical data for statistical analysis and precise conclusions.
6. The law of gravity.
7. Making observations, forming hypotheses, conducting experiments/observations, analyzing data, drawing conclusions.
8. Variables other than the independent variable.