Question

c) grams per milliliter (g/ml)
d) millimeters

1. which process best describes heat transfer by direct contact?

a) radiation
b) conduction
c) convection
d) evaporation

1. if you place a pot of water into a freezer, what happens to the water?

a) it gains heat energy
b) it vibrates faster
c) it loses energy and freezes
d) its molecules separate completely

1. the formula for density is:

a) mass × volume
b) volume ÷ mass
c) mass ÷ volume
d) mass + volume

1. what are microbeads?

a) tiny pieces of sand
b) small plastic particles found in soaps and cosmetics
c) metal fragments in electronics
d) organic fertilizer materials

1. a berm is best described as:

a) a type of rock
b) a raised barrier that prevents water or soil erosion
c) a small glacier
d) a deep - sea trench

1. which of the following can increase sea levels?

a) increased rainfall
b) glacier melting
c) ozone depletion
d) earthquakes

1. what happens to molecules when heat is added?

a) they vibrate more
b) they vibrate less

Explanation:

• Question 8: Conduction is heat transfer by direct contact. Radiation is heat transfer via electromagnetic waves. Convection is heat transfer through fluid (liquid or gas) movement. Evaporation is a phase - change process (liquid to gas).
• Question 9: When water is placed in a freezer, it loses heat energy. As it loses energy, its temperature drops. When it reaches \(0^{\circ}C\) (at standard pressure), it freezes. Gaining heat energy (A) would warm it up. Vibrating faster (B) is associated with higher temperature (more heat). Molecules separating completely (D) would be a gas - like (vapor) state, not what happens in a freezer.
• Question 10: The formula for density (\(

ho\)) is \(
ho=\frac{m}{V}\), where \(m\) is mass and \(V\) is volume.

• Question 11: Microbeads are small plastic particles. They are often found in personal care products like soaps and cosmetics. Sand (A) is a natural, usually non - plastic material. Metal fragments (C) are not microbeads. Organic fertilizer materials (D) are not the same as microbeads.
• Question 12: A berm is a raised barrier. It can be used to prevent water or soil erosion. It is not a type of rock (A), a small glacier (C), or a deep - sea trench (D).
• Question 13: Glacier melting adds more water to the oceans. Increased rainfall (A) can run off into rivers and then to the ocean, but glacier melting (which is a large - scale process) is a more significant contributor to sea - level rise. Ozone depletion (C) is related to UV radiation issues. Earthquakes (D) are related to tectonic plate movements and ground shaking, not directly to sea - level rise.
• Question 14: When heat is added to molecules (in a substance), they gain kinetic energy. This causes them to vibrate more. Vibrating less (B) would be when heat is removed.

Answer:

• Question 8: B. Conduction
• Question 9: C. It loses energy and freezes
• Question 10: C. Mass \( \div \) Volume
• Question 11: B. Small plastic particles found in soaps and cosmetics
• Question 12: B. A raised barrier that prevents water or soil erosion
• Question 13: B. Glacier melting
• Question 14: A. They vibrate more