Question

elizabethan etiquette
modern americans sometimes express questions about how people could possibly have entertained themselves before electronic devices such as television, video games, and the internet. if you happened to be a lord or lady in the court of queen elizabeth i, one way that you would occupy your time might be learning the plethora of etiquette rules so complex that one would have to memorize them as people today might memorize the lyrics to their favorite songs.
the elizabethan era, the years between 1558–1603 when elizabeth i reigned as queen of england, is known for its emphasis on courtly manners. the most esteemed book on the subject was castiglione’s the book of the courtier, also referred to as the courtier. the courtier was translated from its original italian into english in 1561, and its rules were carefully followed by the highest - ranking courtiers of the day.
the rules of etiquette governed behavior in many aspects of life. among the most interesting were those pertaining to greeting people and conducting oneself while dining. the rules for greeting differed depending on the gender of the person initiating the greeting and the social status of the person being greeted. for example, if a gentlemen were greeting someone of higher status than himself, he would “doff,” or remove his hat (often called a bonnet), with his right hand and then bend and kiss his own left hand. he would have to take care to keep the inside of the hat facing his own knee, because showing your sweaty hatband was considered offensive. he would then make a bow, or “reverence,” the depth of which were carefully followed by the highest - ranking courtiers of the day.
according to the passage, society first began to closely follow etiquette rules when
queen elizabeth read castiglione’s the courtier.
castiglione’s the courtier was translated into english.
elizabeth i started her reign as queen of england.
manners became linked with the italian and english courts.

Explanation:

The passage states that The Courtier was translated into English in 1561, and after that, its rules were followed by high - ranking courtiers. This implies that society (the courtiers) began to closely follow etiquette rules when the book was translated into English. The other options: there's no info that Queen Elizabeth read it to start following rules; Elizabeth I's reign start (1558) is before the translation (1561) and the text doesn't link her reign start to etiquette following; and the link between manners and Italian/English courts isn't tied to when etiquette was first closely followed.

Answer:

B. Castiglione's The Courtier was translated into English.