Question

digestive system
matching: match each term with its description

1. stomach a provides enzymes to aid in digestion
2. liver b. folds in the small intestine that absorb food
3. epiglottis c. food stays here for about four hours
4. peristalsis d. food that cannot be used is sent to this intestine
5. chewing e. process of muscles squeezing food down the esophagus
6. villi f. food provides this for the human body
7. esophagus g. first stage of the digestive system, breaks down food
8. pancreas h. provides bile to break down fat into smaller pieces
9. large i. flap that keeps from going down the wrong pipe
10. energy j. long tube that leads into the stomach

multiple choice: choose the best answer

1. which best completes the analogy?

bile : gallbladder :: gastric juices : _
a. pancreas b. small intestine c. stomach d. esophagus

1. why is the epiglottis important?

a. it prevents food from going down the wrong pipe.
b. it squeezes food down the esophagus
c. it provides bile to break down food.
d. it absorbs food into the body.

1. what mainly happens in the stomach?

a. the body absorbs nutrients.
b. enzymes break down things the body cannot use.
c. bile breaks down fat.
d. food is absorbed with villi.

1. in which part does food spend the most time?

a. mouth b. esophagus c. stomach d. small intestine

1. how does author mostly organize the passage?

a. he compares and contrasts different parts of the digestive system
b. he explains potential problems with the digestive system and gives solutions.
c. he describes the different parts of the digestive system.
d. he describes the purpose of the digestive system.

Explanation:

• Question 11: Bile is stored in the gallbladder. Gastric juices are produced in the stomach. So, the analogy is based on where the substances are produced/stored.
• Question 12: The epiglottis is a flap that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from going down the wrong pipe (the trachea instead of the esophagus).
• Question 13: In the stomach, enzymes (like pepsin) break down food. Absorption mainly occurs in the small intestine. Bile is related to the liver and gallbladder.
• Question 14: Food spends about 4 - 6 hours in the stomach, while in the mouth it's just for chewing (a few minutes), in the esophagus it's quickly squeezed down (seconds - minutes), and in the small intestine it's for absorption (but less time than the stomach's initial digestion time compared to the options).
• Question 15: The passage (from the matching and multiple - choice questions which describe parts like stomach, liver, epiglottis etc.) mainly describes the different parts of the digestive system.

Answer:

1. C. Stomach
2. A. It prevents food from going down the wrong pipe.
3. B. Enzymes break down things the body cannot use.
4. C. Stomach
5. C. He describes the different parts of the digestive system.