Question

the diagram shows the electron configuration around the chlorine nucleus. chlorine has 17 protons. which of the following correctly completes the statement? chlorine has ____ valence electrons, and the effective nuclear charge, ( z_{\text {eff }} ), for the chlorine atom shown is ____ 10; 7 - 7; 7+ 7; 7 - 17; 7+

Explanation:

Step1: Count valence electrons

Valence electrons are in the outermost shell. Chlorine has 7 electrons in the outermost shell.

Step2: Calculate effective nuclear charge

Effective nuclear charge \(Z_{eff}=Z - S\). For chlorine, \(Z = 17\) (number of protons). Inner electrons \(S=10\). So \(Z_{eff}=17 - 10=7+\)

Answer:

7; 7+