Question

data and equations:

1. write the chemical formula for each of the chemicals used in this experiment and list the cation

and anion in solution formed by each of the salts. this table must be completed prior to coming
to lab.
table 1. chemical nomenclature of ionic compounds and the ions forming these compounds.

Explanation:

Step1: Determine the formula for ammonium carbonate

Ammonium has a formula \(NH_4^+\) and carbonate has a formula \(CO_3^{2 -}\). Using the criss - cross method (charge of cation becomes subscript of anion and vice - versa, and simplify), the formula is \((NH_4)_2CO_3\). The cation is \(NH_4^+\) and the anion is \(CO_3^{2 -}\).

Step2: Determine the formula for magnesium perchlorate

Magnesium has a formula \(Mg^{2+}\) and perchlorate has a formula \(ClO_4^-\). Using the criss - cross method, the formula is \(Mg(ClO_4)_2\). The cation is \(Mg^{2+}\) and the anion is \(ClO_4^-\).

Step3: Determine the formula for silver (I) nitrate

Silver (I) has a formula \(Ag^+\) and nitrate has a formula \(NO_3^-\). The formula is \(AgNO_3\). The cation is \(Ag^+\) and the anion is \(NO_3^-\).

Step4: Determine the formula for sodium hydroxide

Sodium has a formula \(Na^+\) and hydroxide has a formula \(OH^-\). The formula is \(NaOH\). The cation is \(Na^+\) and the anion is \(OH^-\).

Step5: Determine the formula for potassium iodide

Potassium has a formula \(K^+\) and iodide has a formula \(I^-\). The formula is \(KI\). The cation is \(K^+\) and the anion is \(I^-\).

Step6: Determine the formula for lead (II) nitrate

Lead (II) has a formula \(Pb^{2+}\) and nitrate has a formula \(NO_3^-\). Using the criss - cross method, the formula is \(Pb(NO_3)_2\). The cation is \(Pb^{2+}\) and the anion is \(NO_3^-\).

Step7: Determine the formula for ammonium sulfate

Ammonium has a formula \(NH_4^+\) and sulfate has a formula \(SO_4^{2 -}\). Using the criss - cross method, the formula is \((NH_4)_2SO_4\). The cation is \(NH_4^+\) and the anion is \(SO_4^{2 -}\).

Step8: Determine the formula for strontium bromide

Strontium has a formula \(Sr^{2+}\) and bromide has a formula \(Br^-\). Using the criss - cross method, the formula is \(SrBr_2\). The cation is \(Sr^{2+}\) and the anion is \(Br^-\).

Step9: Determine the formula for hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric acid is an acid, but in ionic form (when dissolved in water), it dissociates. The formula is \(HCl\). The cation is \(H^+\) and the anion is \(Cl^-\).

Answer:

Chemical Name	Salt	Cation	Anion
Magnesium perchlorate	\(Mg(ClO_4)_2\)	\(Mg^{2+}\)	\(ClO_4^-\)
Silver (I) nitrate	\(AgNO_3\)	\(Ag^+\)	\(NO_3^-\)
Sodium hydroxide	\(NaOH\)	\(Na^+\)	\(OH^-\)
Potassium iodide	\(KI\)	\(K^+\)	\(I^-\)
Lead (II) nitrate	\(Pb(NO_3)_2\)	\(Pb^{2+}\)	\(NO_3^-\)
Ammonium sulfate	\((NH_4)_2SO_4\)	\(NH_4^+\)	\(SO_4^{2 -}\)
Strontium bromide	\(SrBr_2\)	\(Sr^{2+}\)	\(Br^-\)
Hydrochloric acid	\(HCl\)	\(H^+\)	\(Cl^-\)