Question

bacteria rely on ___ to adhere to surfaces either inside or on the outside of an organism or substrate
a. pili
b. capsule
c. flagella
d. pili and capsule
e. all of these
value: 10
bacteria that rely on other organism as a carbon source.
a. autotrophs
b. chemoautotrophs
c. aerobes
d. heterotrophs
value: 10
rat bite fever is caused by streptobacillus monliformis. it causes high fever, rash, vomiting, muscle pain, and diarrhea. it is also responsible for endocarditis and meningitis and can result in death. based on the genus name what can you tell about the shape of the bacterial cells that cause this disease?
a. spherical
b. rod - shaped
c. spiral
d. bannana shaped

Explanation:

• First question: Pili are hair - like structures that help bacteria attach to surfaces. The capsule is a sticky layer that also aids in adhesion. Flagella are for movement, not adhesion. So bacteria rely on pili and capsule (d).
• Second question: Autotrophs make their own carbon - containing compounds. Chemoautotrophs use inorganic chemicals for energy and make their own carbon compounds. Aerobes are related to oxygen use. Heterotrophs get carbon from other organisms (d).
• Third question: The suffix “-bacillus” in Streptobacillus moniliformis indicates that the bacteria are rod - shaped. “-coccus” would be spherical, “-spirillum” would be spiral. There is no standard suffix for banana - shaped.

Answer:

1. d. Pili and capsule
2. d. Heterotrophs
3. b. rod - shaped