Question

analogies
mark the letter of the pair of terms that best completes the analogy shown.
an analogy is a relationship between two pairs of words or phrases written as
a : b :: c : d. the symbol : is read \is to,\ and the symbol :: is read \as.\

1. industrial revolution :

agricultural revolution ::
a. animal muscle : fossil
fuels
b. hunters : gatherers
c. agricultural revolution :
hunter - gatherers
d. hunter - gatherers :
population growth

1. pollution : health effects ::

a. industrial : revolution
b. cyanide : smog
c. extinction : biodiversity
d. automobiles : exhaust

1. environmental science :

biology ::
a. botany : zoology
b. biology : zoology
c. zoology : geology
d. social sciences :
chemistry

1. renewable resource :

nonrenewable resource ::
a. iron : water
b. trees : sunlight
c. water : trees
d. trees : oil

1. ecological footprint : land ::

a. developed nation :
consumption
b. developing nation :
consumption
c. grazing : forest products
d. land : ocean

1. supply : demand ::

a. overpopulation :
resources
b. renewable : nonrenewable
c. computer production :
sales of computers
d. population : consumption

1. commons : overgrazing ::

a. earth : resources
b. short - term interests :
long - term interests
c. individual lands :
sustainability
d. individuals : society

1. biodegradable :

nonbiodegradable ::
a. pollutant : toxin
b. plastic : newspaper
c. cotton : polyester
d. mercury : lead

Explanation:

1. Industrial Revolution : Agricultural Revolution :: hunter - gatherers : population growth

• The Industrial Revolution followed the Agricultural Revolution. Similarly, the transition from hunter - gatherers (a more primitive stage) to population growth (a more complex stage related to later developments like agriculture and industry) shows a similar sequential relationship.
• Answer: d

1. pollution : health effects :: extinction : biodiversity

• Pollution has an impact on health effects. Extinction has an impact on biodiversity (as extinction reduces the variety of species in an ecosystem).
• Answer: c

1. environmental science : biology :: botany : zoology

• Environmental science is a broader field that includes biology. Botany (the study of plants) and zoology (the study of animals) are both sub - fields of biology (in a sense, just as biology is a part of environmental science).
• Answer: a

1. renewable resource : nonrenewable resource :: trees : oil

• Trees are a renewable resource (they can be replanted and regrown), and oil is a nonrenewable resource (once used up, it cannot be replenished in a short geological time - scale).
• Answer: d

1. ecological footprint : land :: developed nation : consumption

• The ecological footprint is often measured in terms of land (and other resources). Developed nations generally have a higher level of consumption (in terms of resources, energy, etc.) compared to developing nations.
• Answer: a

1. supply : demand :: overpopulation : resources

• Supply and demand are related concepts in economics. Overpopulation (a situation) is related to resources (as overpopulation can put pressure on resources).
• Answer: a

1. commons : overgrazing :: Earth : resources

• The commons (common land) can be subject to overgrazing. The Earth (a common entity for all) is related to resources (which can be over - exploited similar to overgrazing on commons).
• Answer: a

1. biodegradable : nonbiodegradable :: cotton : polyester

• Cotton is biodegradable (it can be broken down by natural processes), and polyester is nonbiodegradable (it does not break down easily in the environment).
• Answer: c

Answer:

1. Industrial Revolution : Agricultural Revolution :: hunter - gatherers : population growth

• The Industrial Revolution followed the Agricultural Revolution. Similarly, the transition from hunter - gatherers (a more primitive stage) to population growth (a more complex stage related to later developments like agriculture and industry) shows a similar sequential relationship.
• Answer: d

1. pollution : health effects :: extinction : biodiversity

• Pollution has an impact on health effects. Extinction has an impact on biodiversity (as extinction reduces the variety of species in an ecosystem).
• Answer: c

1. environmental science : biology :: botany : zoology

• Environmental science is a broader field that includes biology. Botany (the study of plants) and zoology (the study of animals) are both sub - fields of biology (in a sense, just as biology is a part of environmental science).
• Answer: a

1. renewable resource : nonrenewable resource :: trees : oil

• Trees are a renewable resource (they can be replanted and regrown), and oil is a nonrenewable resource (once used up, it cannot be replenished in a short geological time - scale).
• Answer: d

1. ecological footprint : land :: developed nation : consumption

• The ecological footprint is often measured in terms of land (and other resources). Developed nations generally have a higher level of consumption (in terms of resources, energy, etc.) compared to developing nations.
• Answer: a

1. supply : demand :: overpopulation : resources

• Supply and demand are related concepts in economics. Overpopulation (a situation) is related to resources (as overpopulation can put pressure on resources).
• Answer: a

1. commons : overgrazing :: Earth : resources

• The commons (common land) can be subject to overgrazing. The Earth (a common entity for all) is related to resources (which can be over - exploited similar to overgrazing on commons).
• Answer: a

1. biodegradable : nonbiodegradable :: cotton : polyester

• Cotton is biodegradable (it can be broken down by natural processes), and polyester is nonbiodegradable (it does not break down easily in the environment).
• Answer: c