Question

the accompanying data table contains chest deceleration measurements (in g, where g is the force of gravity) from samples of small, midsize, and large cars. shown are the technology results for analysis of variance of this data table. assume that a researcher plans to use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the different size categories have the same mean chest deceleration in the standard crash test. complete parts (a) and (b) below.
click the icon to view the table of chest deceleration measurements
click the icon to view the table of analysis of variance results.
a. what characteristic of the data specifically indicates that one - way analysis of variance should be used?
a. the population means are approximately normal.
b. the measurements are categorized according to the one characteristic of size.
c. there are three samples of measurements.
d. nothing specifically indicates that one - way analysis of variance should be used.

Explanation:

One - way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used when we have one categorical independent variable (in this case, car size: small, midsize, large) and a continuous dependent variable (chest deceleration). Option B correctly states that the measurements are categorized according to the one characteristic (size) which is the independent variable in one - way ANOVA. Option A is about the distribution of population means (not a direct indicator for one - way ANOVA setup). Option C (three samples) is not the key characteristic (could have two or more, but the key is one categorical factor). Option D is incorrect as there is an indicator.

Answer:

B. The measurements are categorized according to the one characteristic of size.