Question

1. on the basis of the general solubility rules given in table 4.1, predict which of the following substances are likely to be soluble in water.

a. zinc chloride
b. lead(ii) nitrate
c. lead(ii) sulfate
d. sodium iodide
e. cobalt(iii) sulfide
f. chromium(iii) hydroxide
g. magnesium carbonate
h. ammonium carbonate

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze zinc chloride

According to solubility rules, most chloride salts are soluble. Zinc chloride ($ZnCl_2$) is a chloride salt.

Step2: Analyze lead(II) nitrate

Nitrate salts ($NO_3^-$) are generally soluble. Lead(II) nitrate ($Pb(NO_3)_2$) is a nitrate salt.

Step3: Analyze lead(II) sulfate

Sulfate salts ($SO_4^{2 - }$) have some exceptions. Lead(II) sulfate ($PbSO_4$) is an insoluble sulfate.

Step4: Analyze sodium iodide

Salts of alkali metals (sodium is an alkali metal) are soluble. Sodium iodide ($NaI$) is a sodium - containing salt.

Step5: Analyze cobalt(III) sulfide

Sulfide salts ($S^{2 - }$) are generally insoluble except for some specific cases. Cobalt(III) sulfide ($Co_2S_3$) is insoluble.

Step6: Analyze chromium(III) hydroxide

Hydroxide salts ($OH^-$) are mostly insoluble. Chromium(III) hydroxide ($Cr(OH)_3$) is insoluble.

Step7: Analyze magnesium carbonate

Carbonate salts ($CO_3^{2 - }$) are generally insoluble. Magnesium carbonate ($MgCO_3$) is insoluble.

Step8: Analyze ammonium carbonate

Salts of ammonium ion ($NH_4^+$) are soluble. Ammonium carbonate ($(NH_4)_2CO_3$) is an ammonium - containing salt.

Answer:

a. Soluble; b. Soluble; c. Insoluble; d. Soluble; e. Insoluble; f. Insoluble; g. Insoluble; h. Soluble