Question

why was world jewry particularly stunned by the dreyfus affair happening in france?

france had a very small jewish population.
france was allied with germany.
france was known as the cradle of liberty, equality, and fraternity.
france had no history of anti-semitism.

what conclusion did theodor herzl draw from the dreyfus affair?

jews were already secure in european countries.
jews needed a land of their own to ensure their security.
anti-semitism was on the decline in europe.
france was the only country with virulent anti-semitism.

Explanation:

Analyze the first question

The first question asks why World Jewry was particularly stunned by the Dreyfus affair happening in France. France was widely regarded as the home of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, which championed the ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity, and was the first European country to emancipate its Jewish population. Thus, the outbreak of virulent state-sponsored anti-Semitism there was highly shocking.

Analyze the second question

The second question asks what conclusion Theodor Herzl drew from the Dreyfus affair. Herzl, covering the trial as a journalist, realized that assimilation would not protect Jewish people from anti-Semitism even in a highly civilized nation like France. He concluded that Jewish people needed a sovereign land of their own to ensure their safety and security, which led to the founding of modern political Zionism.

Answer:

Question 1

• (A) France had a very small Jewish population.
• (B) France was allied with Germany.
• (C) France was known as the cradle of liberty, equality, and fraternity. (Correct answer)
• (D) France had no history of anti-Semitism.

Question 2

• (A) Jews were already secure in European countries.
• (B) Jews needed a land of their own to ensure their security. (Correct answer)
• (C) Anti-Semitism was on the decline in Europe.
• (D) France was the only country with virulent anti-Semitism.