Question

why is radiation the only type of heat transfer that can pass through a vacuum? because conduction and convection both need matter in order to transfer heat because radiation, convection, and conduction are all the same thing

Explanation:

Heat transfer by conduction requires direct contact between particles of matter. Convection involves the movement of fluid (liquid or gas) particles. A vacuum has no matter. Radiation, however, is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, which do not need a medium (matter) to travel.

Answer:

because conduction and convection both need matter in order to transfer heat