Question

which statement best clarifies how dna and chromosomes are involved in passing traits from parents to offspring?
○ chromosomes are made of proteins that give organisms their physical traits directly.
○ dna is located inside chromosomes and contains the coded instructions that determine inherited traits.
○ traits are passed only through the mother’s blood and are not related to dna or chromosomes.
○ offspring develop their traits after birth based on environmental factors not genetic information.

Explanation:

• Option A: Chromosomes are made of DNA and proteins, and it's DNA (not the protein part of chromosomes directly) that holds genetic info for traits. So A is wrong.
• Option B: Chromosomes are structures with DNA (and protein), and DNA has the genetic code (genes) that determine inherited traits. This matches the role of DNA and chromosomes in heredity.
• Option C: Traits are passed via genetic material (DNA in chromosomes) from both parents, not just mother’s blood, and are related to DNA/chromosomes. So C is wrong.
• Option D: Offspring inherit genetic traits (from DNA) and also can be influenced by environment, but traits are largely determined by genetic info passed from parents. So D is wrong.

Answer:

B. DNA is located inside chromosomes and contains the coded instructions that determine inherited traits.