Question

which property is better explained by the band theory than by the sea - of - electrons model?
ductility
thermal conductivity
luster
electrical conductivity

Explanation:

1. Ductility: The sea - of - electrons model can explain ductility to some extent as the delocalized electrons allow metal ions to slide past each other. But band theory provides a more detailed understanding of the energy levels and electron transitions during deformation.
2. Thermal conductivity: Both models can explain thermal conductivity. The sea - of - electrons model attributes it to the movement of free electrons, and band theory also considers the role of electrons in heat transfer through energy bands.
3. Luster: The sea - of - electrons model can explain luster as the interaction of light with delocalized electrons. Band theory can also explain it by considering the absorption and re - emission of photons related to electron transitions between energy bands.
4. Electrical conductivity: The sea - of - electrons model simply describes the flow of free electrons for electrical conductivity. Band theory, however, can better explain the differences between conductors, semiconductors, and insulators based on the energy band gaps. Band theory is more comprehensive in explaining electrical conductivity as it takes into account the energy levels and the availability of electrons for conduction in different materials.

Answer:

electrical conductivity