Question

which process is depicted in the image below?

trench formation
seafloor spreading
island formation
seamount shredding

Explanation:

Identify the visual evidence in the diagram

The diagram shows two tectonic plates (oceanic lithosphere) moving away from each other, as indicated by the white arrows pointing in opposite directions. Below the boundary, magma is rising from the asthenosphere (labeled "Melting") to create new crust at the ridge crest.

Match the process to the options

This process of plates pulling apart and new oceanic crust forming from upwelling magma is the definition of seafloor spreading.

Evaluate the given choices

• "trench formation" occurs at convergent boundaries (subduction zones).
• "seafloor spreading" matches the divergent boundary and magma upwelling shown.
• "island formation" and "seamount shedding" do not describe this primary tectonic process.

Answer:

• trench formation
• seafloor spreading (Correct answer)
• island formation
• seamount shedding