Question

which genetic condition results in the trait indicated by the blue color being expressed in the individuals shown here?
homozygous recessive
x - linked recessive
x - linked dominant
dominant

Explanation:

1. Analyze the pedigree: Parents are heterozygous (Ff) but the blue - colored individuals have the genotype "ff".
2. For a recessive trait to be expressed, an individual needs to have two copies of the recessive allele (homozygous recessive). In the case of X - linked recessive, the pattern would be different (more males affected, and females being carriers or affected in specific ways), and X - linked dominant would show a different inheritance pattern (affected individuals having at least one dominant allele from an affected parent). A dominant trait would be expressed in heterozygous individuals, but here the blue - colored individuals have the recessive genotype and phenotype. So the genetic condition is homozygous recessive.

Answer:

A. homozygous recessive