Question

which of the following sources of genetic variation from sexual reproduction is the result of the alignment of chromosomes during metaphase 1 of meiosis.

independent assortment

mutation

crossing over

random fertilization

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Independent assortment: Occurs during metaphase I of meiosis when homologous chromosome pairs align randomly at the equator, leading to different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes in gametes.
• Mutation: Involves changes in DNA sequence, not related to chromosome alignment in meiosis.
• Crossing over: Happens during prophase I (chromosomal exchange), not metaphase I alignment.
• Random fertilization: Involves random fusion of gametes, not chromosome alignment in meiosis.

So the correct source is independent assortment.

Answer:

A. independent assortment