Question

which of the following are observations about kinship?
○ different societies have chosen to highlight some features of the universal human experiences of mating, birth and nurturance, while downplaying or ignoring others.
○ kinship is reducible to biology.
○ patrilineal descent makes more sense than matrilineal descent, given what is known about mating and birth.
○ kinship is a difficult and complex set of rules that societies follow.

Explanation:

• Kinship is a social construct influenced by cultural norms. Different societies emphasize certain aspects (like mating, birth, nurturance) based on their cultural values.
• Kinship is not just biological (so "Kinship is reducible to biology" is wrong). Also, patrilineal and matrilineal descent are cultural choices, not one "making more sense" objectively (so that option is wrong).
• The description "Different societies have chosen to highlight some features of the universal human experiences of mating, birth and nurturance, while downplaying or ignoring others" aligns with the cultural - social nature of kinship. And kinship is indeed a complex set of rules (social rules) that societies follow.

Answer:

• Different societies have chosen to highlight some features of the universal human experiences of mating, birth and nurturance, while downplaying or ignoring others.
• Kinship is a difficult and complex set of rules that societies follow.