Question

which action by ferdinand ii contributed to the outbreak of revolts?

closure of protestant churches

promotion of religious tolerance

establishment of democratic reforms

Explanation:

Ferdinand II was a Catholic ruler. Closing Protestant churches would have angered Protestant populations, as it restricted their religious practices. Promotion of religious tolerance would likely have reduced tensions, not caused revolts. Establishment of democratic reforms is also not an action that would typically lead to revolts in the context of Ferdinand II's rule.

Answer:

closure of Protestant churches