Question

1. what is the term for the variety of genes within a species?

a) species diversity
b) evolutionary diversity
c) ecological diversity
d) genetic adaptation

1. which of the following describes species diversity?

a) variety of genes within one species
b) number of different kinds of organisms in an ecosystem
c) variety of ecosystems within a region
d) the number of trophic levels in a food chain

1. what is ecological diversity?

a) diversity of habitats and ecological processes
b) diversity of genes in a population
c) the number of keystone species
d) the number of organisms in one habitat

1. a biodiversity hotspot is an area that—

a) has few species
b) is located at the poles
c) has high pollution levels
d) has many endemic species and high habitat loss

1. the complete elimination of a species from earth is called:

a) overharvesting
b) fragmentation
c) extinction
d) speciation

1. what is the primary threat to biodiversity worldwide?

a) climate change
b) poaching
c) habitat destruction
d) invasive species

1. coral bleaching occurs when—

a) corals expel their symbiotic algae due to stress
b) coral grows too quickly
c) ocean salinity decreases
d) coral predators increase

Explanation:

1. Genetic diversity refers to the variety of genes within a species. Species diversity is about the number of different species in an ecosystem. Ecological diversity is related to the variety of ecosystems. Genetic adaptation is a process, not a diversity type.
2. Species diversity is defined as the number of different kinds of organisms (species) in an ecosystem. Option a is genetic diversity, option c is ecological diversity, and option d is not related to species diversity.
3. Ecological diversity encompasses the diversity of habitats and ecological processes. Option b is genetic diversity, option c is about a specific type of species, and option d is about population size in a habitat.
4. A biodiversity hotspot has many endemic species (species found only there) and high habitat loss. Options a, b, and c are incorrect as hotspots have rich species (not few), are not at the poles (which have less biodiversity), and high pollution is not a defining feature.
5. Extinction is the complete elimination of a species from Earth. Overharvesting is a cause of extinction, fragmentation is habitat - related, and speciation is the formation of new species.
6. Habitat destruction (such as deforestation, urbanization) is the primary threat to biodiversity worldwide. While climate change, poaching, and invasive species are threats, habitat destruction has a more widespread and immediate impact.
7. Coral bleaching occurs when corals expel their symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) due to stress (like temperature changes). Options b, c, and d do not cause bleaching.

Answer:

1. No options are correct as the question is about the term for gene variety within a species (genetic diversity is the correct term, but not listed). If forced to choose from given options, there is an error.
2. B. Number of different kinds of organisms in an ecosystem
3. A. Diversity of habitats and ecological processes
4. D. Has many endemic species and high habitat loss
5. C. Extinction
6. C. Habitat destruction
7. A. Corals expel their symbiotic algae due to stress