Question

what does tay-sachs disease cause?
the inability to breakdown fatty tissues around the brain and effects the brains abilities
a decreased mental ability and uncontrollable movements
the wrong shape of hemoglobin and therefore less oxygen in the body
a thick layer of mucus in the respiratory tract and struggle to diges food

Explanation:

Tay - Sachs disease is a genetic disorder. It is caused by the deficiency of an enzyme (hexosaminidase A). This enzyme is needed to break down a fatty substance (GM2 ganglioside) in the brain and nerve cells. When the enzyme is deficient, the fatty substance builds up, especially in the brain. This buildup impairs the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system.

• The first option: Tay - Sachs disease is characterized by the inability to break down fatty tissues (GM2 ganglioside) around the brain (and in nerve cells), which affects the brain's abilities. This is the correct description of the cause and main effect of Tay - Sachs disease.
• The second option: Decreased mental ability can be a result of Tay - Sachs (due to the brain cell damage from lipid accumulation), but uncontrollable movements are more characteristic of diseases like Huntington's (caused by a different genetic mutation affecting the nervous system in a different way - related to abnormal protein (huntingtin) production).
• The third option: Wrong - shaped hemoglobin (sickle - cell anemia) is a different genetic disorder (caused by a mutation in the HBB gene that codes for the beta - globin subunit of hemoglobin), not related to Tay - Sachs.
• The fourth option: Thick mucus in the respiratory tract and digestive problems are characteristic of cystic fibrosis (caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, which affects the transport of chloride ions and thus mucus viscosity), not Tay - Sachs.

Answer:

the inability to breakdown fatty tissues around the brain and effects the brain's abilities