Question

1. what are the properties of water? (define/and example)

property of water | define/why is it important | example
--- | --- | ---
cohesion | cohesion is the attraction bet |
adhesion | |
high heat capacity | |
excellent solvent properties (universal solvent) | |
high surface tension | |
high heat of vaporization | |

1. what is the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic?

hydrophilic substance are polar or charged, while hydrophobic substances are non - polar.

1. what is an enzyme and why are they important? they typically end in what three letters?

a biological catalyst (usually a protein) that speeds up chemical reactions in living things without being used up

1. what is the meaning of polar and nonpolar? what are examples of each?

polar molecules have unequal electron sharing, creating positive and negative poles.
non - polar molecules have balanced sharing of poles.

Explanation:

To complete the table about water properties:

Cohesion

• Define/Importance: Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same substance (water molecules attract other water molecules). It’s important for surface tension and water transport in plants (e.g., xylem).
• Example: Water droplets forming on a surface (like dew) or water striders walking on water (due to surface tension from cohesion).

Adhesion

• Define/Importance: Adhesion is the attraction between molecules of different substances (water molecules stick to other surfaces). Important for capillary action (water moving up plant stems) and wetting surfaces.
• Example: Water climbing up a paper towel or the meniscus in a graduated cylinder (water curves up at the edges, sticking to the glass).

High Heat Capacity

• Define/Importance: Water can absorb/release large amounts of heat with little temperature change. Stabilizes temperatures in organisms and environments (e.g., oceans moderate climate).
• Example: Coastal areas have milder climates than inland areas; organisms (like humans) use water to regulate body temperature (sweating).

Excellent Solvent (Universal Solvent)

• Define/Importance: Water dissolves many polar/ionic substances (due to its polarity). Essential for transporting nutrients/wastes in organisms and chemical reactions in aqueous solutions.
• Example: Salt (NaCl) dissolving in water, or sugar dissolving in tea.

High Surface Tension

• Define/Importance: The force holding water’s surface together (from cohesion). Allows small organisms to move on water and water to form droplets.
• Example: Water droplets beading on a leaf, or a needle floating on water (if placed carefully).

High Heat of Vaporization

• Define/Importance: Large amount of heat needed to turn water from liquid to gas. Important for cooling (sweating, transpiration in plants) as heat is absorbed when water evaporates.
• Example: Sweating cools the body as sweat evaporates; transpiration cools plants.

Answer:

Property of water	define/why is it important	example
Adhesion	Attraction between water and other substances (different molecules). Enables capillary action, wetting.	Water climbing a paper towel; meniscus in a graduated cylinder.
High Heat Capacity	Absorbs/releases large heat with little temp change. Stabilizes organism/environment temps.	Coastal climates; sweating to regulate body temp.
Excellent Solvent (Universal Solvent)	Dissolves polar/ionic substances (polarity). Transports nutrients/wastes, supports reactions.	Salt dissolving in water; sugar dissolving in coffee.
High Surface Tension	Force holding water’s surface (from cohesion). Allows small organisms to move on water.	Water beading on a leaf; needle floating on water (carefully placed).
High Heat of Vaporization	Large heat needed to vaporize water. Cools organisms/environments (heat absorbed during evaporation).	Sweating cools the body; transpiration cools plants.