Question

1. what is a primary criticism often related against the expansion of the administrative state or bureaucracy?

a) it leads to too much efficiency and speed in decision - making
b) it prevents the government from collecting any taxes
c) it creates over - regulation that can stifle economic innovation
d) it gives too much power to the judicial branch

Explanation:

To determine the primary criticism of bureaucratic expansion, we analyze each option:

• Option a: Bureaucracy is known for slow and inefficient decision - making due to red tape, hierarchical structures, and complex procedures. So the claim that it leads to too much efficiency and speed in decision - making is incorrect.
• Option b: Bureaucracies are involved in tax collection and revenue administration for the government. They do not prevent the government from collecting taxes. So this option is wrong.
• Option c: Bureaucratic over - regulation can create a stifling environment for businesses. Excessive rules and regulations can make it difficult for businesses to innovate, as they have to spend a lot of time and resources on compliance rather than on developing new products, services, or business models. This is a common criticism of an over - expanded bureaucracy.
• Option d: The judicial branch's power is separate from the administrative (bureaucratic) branch. Bureaucracies do not give too much power to the judicial branch. So this option is incorrect.

Answer:

c. It creates over - regulation that can stifle economic innovation