Question

1. what invention greatly increased production during the industrial revolution?

a) steam engine
b) printing press
c) water wheel
d) compass

1. which social class grew significantly during the industrial revolution?

a) aristocracy
b) middle class
c) peasantry
d) clergy

1. which economic system is based on private ownership and profit?

a) socialism
b) capitalism
c) communism
d) feudalism

1. what was a common working condition in early factories?

a) short hours and safe environments
b) long hours and dangerous conditions
c) government - mandated breaks
d) work from home

1. adam smith is best known for his ideas about:

a) communism
b) division of labor and free markets
c) social contract
d) absolutism

Explanation:

1. The steam engine was a key invention of the Industrial Revolution. It provided a reliable source of power that could be used in factories, mines, and transportation, greatly increasing production.
2. During the Industrial Revolution, the middle class grew significantly. This was due to the rise of new industries and the need for managers, engineers, and other professionals.
3. Capitalism is an economic system based on private ownership and profit. In a capitalist system, individuals and businesses own the means of production and are free to make decisions about what to produce, how to produce it, and who to sell it to.
4. In early factories, common working conditions included long hours and dangerous conditions. Workers often had to work 12 - 16 hours a day, six days a week, in unsafe environments.
5. Adam Smith is best known for his ideas about the division of labor and free markets. In his book The Wealth of Nations, Smith argued that the division of labor could increase productivity and that free markets were the most efficient way to allocate resources.

Answer:

1. A. Steam engine
2. B. Middle class
3. B. Capitalism
4. B. Long hours and dangerous conditions
5. B. Division of labor and free markets