Question

1. structures that perform similar functions but are not from a common ancestor are: a) homologous structures b) analogous structures c) dna sequences d) kingdoms open - ended questions: answer the following questions in complete sentences. 1. why do scientists use a classification system (taxonomy) for living things? 2. explain how natural selection can lead to evolution in a population. 3. give an example of homologous structures and explain what they show about evolution.

Explanation:

1. Analogous structures are those that have similar functions but do not share a common - ancestor. Homologous structures come from a common ancestor. DNA sequences are related to genetic information, and kingdoms are a level of biological classification.
2. Scientists use a classification system (taxonomy) for living things to organize and categorize them based on shared characteristics, which helps in understanding evolutionary relationships, identifying species, and studying biodiversity.
3. Natural selection can lead to evolution in a population as individuals with traits that are better - suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on those favorable traits to the next generation. Over time, the frequency of these traits in the population changes, resulting in evolution.
4. An example of homologous structures is the forelimbs of humans, bats, and whales. They have a similar bone structure despite different functions (grasping, flying, swimming). This shows that these organisms share a common ancestor and have evolved different functions from the same ancestral structure.

Answer:

1. b) Analogous structures
2. Scientists use a classification system (taxonomy) for living things to organize them based on shared characteristics, understand evolutionary relationships, identify species, and study biodiversity.
3. Natural selection can lead to evolution in a population because individuals with favorable traits for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on those traits, which changes the trait - frequency in the population over time.
4. An example of homologous structures is the forelimbs of humans, bats, and whales. They show that these organisms share a common ancestor and have evolved different functions from the same ancestral structure.