Question

skeletal system study guide functions - support and protection, body movement - muscles \pull\ on bones - blood cell formation = _____________ - occurs in red bone marrow - storage of __________________ materials - calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium organization of the skeleton - about 206 bones with 2 main divisions: ________ and appendicular 1. axial: head, neck, trunk; skull, ____________, vertebral column, ribcage, ________ 2. appendicular: limbs and bones connecting the limbs to the. - ___________ (scapula & clavicle), upper limbs (arms) - pelvic girdle (coxal bones), lower limbs (legs) long bone structure: 1. ________________ - ends of bone, 2. ________________ - shaft of the bone 3. ________________ - cartilage covering the ends of bones 4. ________________ - tough membrane covering over entire bone. 5. ________________ - within diaphysis, contains bone marrow proximal epiphysis = distal epiphysis = types of bones - flat, long, short, irregular, and ________________ inside the long bone ________________ - chamber filled with bone marrow ________________ - lining of the medullary cavity - red marrow = produces blood cells - yellow marrow =__________________

Explanation:

To fill in the blanks, we use knowledge of the skeletal system (subfield: Biology, Natural Science):

Functions:

• Blood cell formation = hematopoiesis (occurs in red bone marrow).
• Storage of mineral materials (calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium are minerals).

Organization of the Skeleton:

• 2 Main Divisions: axial and appendicular.
• Axial: skull, hyoid bone (or “auditory ossicles” – common axial bones), vertebral column, ribcage, sternum (breastbone).
• Appendicular: bones connecting limbs to axial = pectoral girdle (scapula & clavicle).

Long Bone Structure:

1. Epiphysis – ends of bone.
2. Diaphysis – shaft of the bone.
3. Articular cartilage – covers bone ends.
4. Periosteum – tough membrane over entire bone.
5. Medullary cavity – within diaphysis, contains bone marrow.

Types of Bones:

• Fifth type: sesamoid (e.g., patella).

Inside the Long Bone:

• Chamber with marrow = medullary cavity.
• Lining of medullary cavity = endosteum.
• Yellow Marrow = stores fat (energy).

Answer:

(Example key blanks filled; adjust based on context:

• Blood cell formation: hematopoiesis
• Storage: mineral
• Divisions: axial
• Axial bones: hyoid bone (or sternum)
• Appendicular girdle: pectoral girdle
• Long bone parts: 1. Epiphysis; 2. Diaphysis; 3. Articular cartilage; 4. Periosteum; 5. Medullary cavity
• Bone type: sesamoid
• Marrow chamber: medullary cavity; lining: endosteum
• Yellow Marrow: stores fat (energy)

)

(Note: Some blanks may have alternate correct terms based on textbook specificity, but these align with standard skeletal system anatomy.)