Question

the ____ ____ of a simple machine, like a lever or pulley, is the factor by which it multiplies the force applied to the machine onto the object.

Explanation:

The question is about a term related to simple machines (lever, pulley) that describes the factor multiplying the applied force. In physics (a sub - field of Natural Science), for simple machines, the term "mechanical advantage" is defined as the ratio of the output force to the input force. It is the factor by which a simple machine multiplies the applied force.

Answer:

mechanical advantage