semester 1 study guide
name: david
1. s8p1a - atoms & molecules
a. vocabulary: atom, atomic mass, atomic number, electron, element,
mass, molecule, neutron, nucleus, proton, subatomic particle.
1. list the 3 sub atomic particles, their charges and their jobs.
2. what is the smallest form of matter that still retains properties of that matter?
5. what is a molecule?
6. what subatomic particle is not found in the nucleus?
7. what subatomic particles are responsible for bonding?
2. s8p1 b - elements/compounds/mixtures
a. vocabulary: chemical formula, coefficient, compound,
mixture, subscript

Question

semester 1 study guide
name: david
1. s8p1a - atoms & molecules
a. vocabulary: atom, atomic mass, atomic number, electron, element,
 mass, molecule, neutron, nucleus, proton, subatomic particle.
1. list the 3 sub atomic particles, their charges and their jobs.
2. what is the smallest form of matter that still retains properties of that matter?
5. what is a molecule?
6. what subatomic particle is not found in the nucleus?
7. what subatomic particles are responsible for bonding?
2. s8p1 b - elements/compounds/mixtures
a. vocabulary: chemical formula, coefficient, compound,
 mixture, subscript

Accepted Answer

### 1. List the 3 subatomic particles, their charges and their 'jobs'.
# Brief Explanations:
The three subatomic particles are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge ($+1$) and are located in the nucleus; they contribute to the atomic number and the mass of the atom. Neutrons have no charge (neutral) and are also in the nucleus; they contribute to the atomic mass (along with protons) and help stabilize the nucleus. Electrons have a negative charge ($-1$) and orbit the nucleus in electron clouds; they are involved in chemical bonding and determining the chemical properties of the atom.
# Answer:
- **Proton**: Charge = $+1$; Job = Contributes to atomic number and mass, stabilizes nucleus (with neutrons).
- **Neutron**: Charge = $0$ (neutral); Job = Contributes to atomic mass, stabilizes nucleus.
- **Electron**: Charge = $-1$; Job = Involved in chemical bonding, determines chemical properties.

### 2. What is the smallest form of matter that still retains properties of that matter?
# Brief Explanations:
An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element. For a compound, the smallest unit that retains its properties is a molecule (composed of two or more atoms bonded together). However, for an element, the atom is the smallest unit. Since the question is general about "matter" (could refer to an element or a compound, but the most fundamental is the atom for an element), the answer is an atom (or a molecule for a compound, but atom is more basic for elemental matter).
# Answer:
The smallest form of matter (for an element) that retains its properties is an **atom**. For a compound, it is a **molecule** (composed of atoms), but the atom is the fundamental unit for elemental matter.

### 5. What is a molecule?
# Brief Explanations:
A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. These atoms can be the same (e.g., $O_2$, $N_2$) or different (e.g., $H_2O$, $CO_2$). Molecules are the smallest units of a compound (or a diatomic element) that retain the chemical properties of that substance.
# Answer:
A molecule is a group of two or more atoms (same or different) bonded together, representing the smallest unit of a compound (or diatomic element) with its chemical properties.

### 6. What subatomic particle is NOT found in the nucleus?
# Brief Explanations:
The nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons. Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus in electron clouds (or shells) and are not located within the nucleus.
# Answer:
The **electron** is the subatomic particle not found in the nucleus (it orbits the nucleus).

### 7. What subatomic particles are responsible for bonding?
# Brief Explanations:
Chemical bonding involves the interaction of electrons between atoms. Valence electrons (the outermost electrons of an atom) are involved in forming ionic or covalent bonds. In ionic bonding, electrons are transferred between atoms; in covalent bonding, electrons are shared. Thus, electrons (specifically valence electrons) are responsible for bonding.
# Answer:
**Electrons** (specifically valence electrons) are responsible for chemical bonding (through transfer or sharing in ionic/covalent bonds).

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

1. List the 3 subatomic particles, their charges and their 'jobs'.

Answer:

2. What is the smallest form of matter that still retains properties of that matter?