Question

8 selective breeding leading to the creation of high yielding crops like maize been well accepted examples
a evolutionary selection
b artificial selection
c environmental adaptation
d natural selection
9 what defines extinction? (select all)
a irreversible loss of a species
b reversible process caused by climate changes
c last individual of a species dying
d the temporary disappearance of a species
10 which is an example of a conservation strategy for endangered species?
a implementing captive breeding programs
b encouraging habitat destruction
c promoting overexploitation
d introducing invasive species deliberately
11 how do human activities contribute to extinction?
a through controlled habitat destruction
b by reducing invasive species introduction
c by enhancing biodiversity
d via habitat destruction, overexploitation, and pollution
12 what was a major factor in the decline of the black rhinoceros population?
a increased reproduction rates
b habitat restoration
c natural migration patterns
d poaching for their horns
13 what type of selection involves humans deliberately modifying organisms for specific traits?
a environmental selection
b evolutionary selection
c artificial selection
d natural selection
14 what happens to an ecosystem when a top predator becomes extinct?
a ecosystems remain unchanged
b ecosystems become more stable
c biodiversity increases
d overpopulation of prey species occurs

Explanation:

• Question 8: Artificial selection is when humans selectively breed organisms (like crops) for desired traits (e.g., high - yielding). Natural selection is non - human driven, evolutionary selection is a broad term, and environmental adaptation is a result of environmental pressures.
• Question 9: Extinction is the irreversible loss of a species (last individual dying). It is not reversible (so not b), and not a temporary disappearance (so not d).
• Question 10: Captive breeding programs help endangered species. Habitat destruction (b), over - exploitation (c), and introducing invasive species (d) are harmful to endangered species.
• Question 11: Human activities like habitat destruction, over - exploitation, and pollution contribute to extinction. Reducing invasive species introduction (b) and enhancing biodiversity (c) are positive. Option a is too narrow as it's not just habitat destruction.
• Question 12: Hunting for their horns (rhinoceros horns are wrongly believed to have medicinal value in some cultures) was a major factor in the decline of black rhinoceros populations. Increased reproduction rates (a) would help, habitat restoration (b) is positive, and natural migration patterns (c) are not the cause of decline.
• Question 13: Artificial selection is humans deliberately modifying organisms for specific traits. Environmental selection is due to environment, evolutionary selection is a general evolutionary process, and natural selection is non - human driven.
• Question 14: When a top predator becomes extinct, over - population of prey species occurs as there is no predator to control their numbers. Ecosystems do not remain unchanged (a) or become more stable (b), and biodiversity usually decreases (not increases, so not c).

Answer:

• 8. b. Artificial selection
• 9. a. Irreversible loss of a species; c. Last individual of a species dying
• 10. a. Implementing captive breeding programs
• 11. d. Via habitat destruction, over - exploitation, and pollution
• 12. d. Poaching for their horns
• 13. c. Artificial selection
• 14. d. Over - population of prey species occurs