Question

the retelling of the song of roland in fifteenth - century italy differed from the original by its:
a use of irony to stress the heroic idealism of roland.
b setting, which was changed to italy from spain.
c language: the original was in vernacular french and the retelling in latin.
d lack of any suggestion of heroic idealism.
e ending, which had roland surviving to be rewarded for his heroism by charlemagne.

Explanation:

The Song of Roland is an epic poem that emphasizes heroic idealism. In the 15th - century Italian retelling, there was a lack of the heroic idealism present in the original.

• Option A: Irony to stress heroic idealism is incorrect as the retelling moved away from heroic idealism.
• Option B: The original is set in the context of the conflict between Christians and Muslims (not specifically Spain), and the retelling's setting change is not the key difference.
• Option C: The original Song of Roland was in Old French (not vernacular French in the modern sense), and the retelling was not in Latin.
• Option E: The original has Roland dying as a hero, and the retelling does not have this kind of "happy" ending with reward.

Answer:

D. lack of any suggestion of heroic idealism.