Question

question 4 (5 points)
why did earlier historians consider the medieval period the \dark ages\? (5 points)
a the time had no electricity, and so it was an age that was quite dark.
b a limited amount of written records survived to shine light on this time period.
c castles were very dark and did not let in much light.
d the power of the church stamped out the many bright pagan rituals.

question 5 (5 points)
all of the following represent innovations in land use in the middle ages except (5 points)
a the shared property of monastic communities
b the open fields of manorial villages
c the three - field system
d the ownership by individuals of small farms

question 6 (5 points)
in medieval european society, was the king or the pope the most powerful figure? (5 points)
a the king, because the church had no control over armies
b the pope, because the church was wealthier than most kings
c neither, because the power dynamic shifted between the church and the kings
d neither, because the military was more powerful than both kings and popes

Explanation:

For Question 4: Earlier historians called the Medieval Period the "Dark Ages" mainly because there were few written - records surviving to provide a clear understanding of that era. Physical darkness (options a and c) are literal interpretations, and the stamping out of pagan rituals (option d) is not the main reason for the term.
For Question 5: The shared property of monastic communities, open fields of manorial villages, and the three - field system were innovations in land use in the Middle Ages. Individual ownership of small farms was not a new innovation in the Middle Ages compared to these.
For Question 6: In medieval European society, the power dynamic between the king and the pope shifted over time. Sometimes the king had more power in secular matters, and sometimes the pope had more influence in religious and even some secular affairs. So neither was consistently the most powerful.

Answer:

Question 4: B. A limited amount of written records survived to shine light on this time period.
Question 5: D. the ownership by individuals of small farms
Question 6: C. Neither, because the power dynamic shifted between the church and the kings